View Full Version : Despre baloanele de mare altitudine si zboruri efectuate pana acum
Baloanele de mare altitudine sunt, in general, nepilotate si contin heliu sau hidrogen, atingand, de regula, altitudini maxime de peste 30km. Exista si baloane nepilotate cu aer cald, cu un cost mult mai redus decat al celor cu heliu sau hidrogen, dar despre acestea vom discuta cu alta ocazie.
Cele mai comune sunt baloanele meteorologice, datele transmise de catre acestea ajutand in formarea modelelor de prognozare a vremii.
Aceste baloane ajung intr-o regiune numita "near space", marginita de linia Armstrong (18-19km, unde presiunea scade atat de mult incat o fiinta umana nu ar supravietui fara un costum presurizat) si linia Karman (100km, limita de facto a spatiului, unde astronautica preia sarcinile aerodinamicii).
Din cauza costurilor relativ reduse, baloanele de mare altitudine sunt un hobby foarte popular, adesea numit "Programul spatial al saracului". Cea mai importanta organizatie din domeniu este UKHAS.
Pentru noi, baloanele de mare altitudine trebuie sa reprezinte o armonizare a radioamatorismului, acesta putand lua forma ARHAB (Amateur radio high-altitude ballooning).
Un zbor ARHAB contine un balon, parasuta de recuperare si incarcatura. Aceasta contine de regula un transmitator intr-una dintre benzile de radioamatori care permite urmarirea zborului de la lansare si pana la aterizare. O conditie esentiala pentru ARHAB este detinerea unei autorizatii de radioamator.
Cele mai multe zboruri transmit aproape in timp real coordonatele GPS, temperatura si presiunea atmosferica via APRS, RTTY, CW, PSK31 sau in alte moduri mai exotice (LoRa). Via LoRa se pot transmite la sol si pachete de imagine (cea mai comuna platforma pentru zboruri LoRa este Raspberry Pi).
Zborul tipic utilizeaza un balon de latex standard si poate dura intre 2 si 4 ore. Se pot deasemenea experimenta baloane zero-presiune sau supra-presiune pentru a atinge durate de zbor de oridinul zilelor, saptamanilor sau chiar lunilor.
In continuare, voi face o trecere in revista a zborurilor efectuate de mine pana acum.
https://3c1703fe8d.site.internapcdn.net/newman/gfx/news/hires/2017/3-studentsfilm.jpg
Credit foto : University of Leicester
Primele experimente au inceput in 2012, confectionandu-mi singur mici baloane cu aer cald din saci de gunoi de culoare neagra. Evident, incalzindu-se de la soare, portanta apare natural.
1. 25 decembrie 2012 - Primul zbor a fost un balon mic iar incarcatura a fost o saiba. Da, o saiba. Nerecuperat, evident.
Poze (https://photos.app.goo.gl/6eKnpGTwv8WHgtMZ9)
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/mnExmmnK3W1TXwvOLXz9m1T5ZdCA-KY9w08nhAot27ouBLqmlBeshgGycX1l22okLgghTXbs88ncS6-oYcLPM-BTzSLEGsrZ1oK0ulZPjNckwbAbVYuvOxtBG_ctMUa3nH0IvnMe xqwo5tCt6pK560gosa3gbPvn-lpfF-RiPUjE0AEYiu_6kvgyvCNfjevQ2VFICM2z7k9ULJS874vep9mD OAKKBnlDg09o8Xa2iVfBcUfyMaiOC4zqqLifAUJhkJyKMnfO97 OJNC0-D47ueZOPLOwTBGko-uKtI5c7Fs0TF-jOahkw2l8H_P_R_MIshMftOeSoVAFnn8CRv_HpqP1LmYdEwI-xWZQ6qsT-H2YZeam7r8UzU5K667uGnYqljvbcyx1VXlMRMl3tKiPXHdk6gD D-DNIXTW7RHUVDDUOT56xsudlOOlbXEBO8JU_EdiOyb7PKHO1dnj Uyk_2ZMVxu0GOSkw6ebkB5ijmOSFfHA8SPiWkBZVgftj_sSE6U uPHMpei_gOvttw9c_jw9n30S095cpYgvAifhhnmTeRvz_-FtDcGxn58afbWA60KT-XTFAejBLfTfTpavxQOs-suPqZZNo8PGtFltDpNxF2yDGBe7zD-tZ3h93Zu_1njr5F3GAQuKAPD5nfEDFa1iJ6Gpsk-aDLeONRUHFJbrLnuMaDHnomUUuAf2kUsSY4KPcRXigt66SwrNU 2v4JOYdnC6V=w1000-no-tmp.jpg
2. 27 decembrie 2012 - Primul zbor cu echipament de radioamator la bord - o simpla baliza la inceputul benzii de 144MHz. Recuperat.
Poze (https://photos.app.goo.gl/vN5QWqQWuqituSfu9)
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3. 30 decembrie 2012 - Probabil tot o simpla baliza. Nerecuperat.
Poze (https://photos.app.goo.gl/S5RwQiboTzsLb8qi6)
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/3lEUoAzhEwB0UWm8ueNo36pUODa7X2bIpvi0GXZ6NEolpAuVn6 lq1YT75zc0K4dnRvtuOA7EvNFygT_lpK0Lsc7M-DA-ZQHavEg5YZ9UE83rb19sMtykwpikzHp3AVFsIbd6UjVQ5y0qhp 7zcUYywo9tYTzDT7V60mnHUDiNv7STYafhr2-jlzetFah2FJoseybB5rLN6kU_HbzbHVyv7S3mZMw-V-nhCF7iHCPDZPt2xxGhi7jHvtY55M6G1vCwmP5CLEISD6uDxEip 3rIMyvqp_pAvYWjsEBh3l-EOp7sV8VOJ-NFAq3w61uVePuyI7hUqhMEg4iK5m_KeYpC4OuoOP-HT0wyxfe3qp-zXw79-MJPFAYQV_PMAzY0K9K2UVM4iIn-1E5vw-Mz6msJmUcg5vFc8VCj3zGG0FPmc98xFU020nJqFP4ECyGS0f4q OxWy9c0kBfUk0K4E-nNYFWUVEeKsqtgtG7TkL9an90CpAtVbZKrB9uUSnRZFsKJItgQ V50xoM-bG0NIhQWIardHrzpIlLNtHdTHYIYeH6cRz3lJ0SxEMfNZxPoGZ wp6H3VzLWZyIYuuGJhPjDbWJw4AYw_S1frO9A9rvmPnzDnTeEt SU03uhg0XD1zR0jb5_Xay93oQ-9i5QXpWQQUzNWgYX8GhCSXvkaxgacag0cq5HOMOYYab9N2BgS4 ZSB2Kyze1GxRKyyQ3mtNVh30BKab4pH=w1000-no-tmp.jpg
4. 31 decembrie 2012 - Probabil tot o simpla baliza. Incercare reusita de a tine balonul ancorat la sol inainte de lansare. Nerecuperat.
Poze (https://photos.app.goo.gl/hioWo9CyKLAcuhuT7)
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/pzIOHjU60X50HBuvOJ7-Y1esYY1t3slve6MXbhHKe_JH0UUt2l8ofdUE4rP7GTe94Da-kAzAH4bz_Ko9ksC6kDEiZts8SZK0DxnIhkhM3lB4o51Z8iRnQP FYz3otEa8ckH_7lpw5cvc2GgrDXOe0wwndKxw0ag8Zs0Qbs2qC eDuSjY7hQ7L0Amt8qkmRaQV1BG2TIeB6QINp4iVvSKXKn3l5i-LFS-FWxSQJ_lLwUHA7LFBFzr4Oj5yMrskODLS_Th-8xjITdB1_JW5qrJJF8RsAqj7v5Jv0WXntbVPk8PUd5WkwtdOKX Tu8uN0nVuDjHmfDiPB2vpcJdj42s-HEFcOzXAiWP2yRELrM4wg75hOiHGP01ok1fVaEsqM8K3NAqYKA sMnFVP6k_kNnlIhAGBkES4hJZTSkz32TcAtTj1kEv3ghdagwhL yC4W_S-KzmYJgt09zB4vqIsL0exSvBKgcyMZ4SoCrLCvg1KlQ6rwvE8eh sSuN3nG1DAOVlsZDin_GQBta-cRRLfXzorXPIEkfkJFlH2cOLjuACfnzbnk5UBnrumpL_qTEvYB iS3MrtbDopmpmvsacTkZMnEWK7P4XQkfOZp3YYfED8xz4Mba0F jHhqc45-UZ7i_S0Gw1ntsGety7PQRNOrnCyW4FTT5G35aCa8hthjX48vPk Ki0HXJN6PKeYTUONQB5MOKX9kf6lI20Tw7kPlcK-GNxfZUbsdp=w1000-no-tmp.jpg
5. 29 decembrie 2013 - In incercarea de a trimite ceva mai greu, am realizat un balon foarte mare, aproximativ cam cat o masina :o. Constructia a durat aproximativ 2 luni. Incarcatura a fost binecunoscuta baliza plus un telefon mobil cu acces la internet. Cum nu exista acoperire GSM la altitudine, ne-am ales doar cu o poza din balon la lansare si cateva imediat dupa aterizare. Recuperat.
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/KNK_pqg-WmYIjoZAuExdGoLHxhCS_X8YHPhd8cPnTTUEcnutaPhBfIhIMU fDooY6bSav03MeijsH25zWgkRj0jF5xn5tJJwgVF7KqmHwfObu GMh8S5mCnuRIqNqf5U6HsJ7befUZcp8yDJSgNh0qFHsrxgARkF 7lY3yZAYZyBn9Vk3uXx09nCRGa2QBoVZwsqV7FDrxkoyZsAk7B xiUQpTVB-GFY8kGsvWMi5iMR5vflMj_mvVzhuJxRV3Ds8kweKDN9hRRdaOf CR22EF1DFH0ZRB8_Vn7Zfld_pe58DOS-7JHEWUlsZJU4FcQw38zZA2WRA_VRYqpquEKUZxPN4LMlkbUn_j SWBlvDgvrcTFusEGigWsIBIduU6XZYLTCT80bdDeD_Q7sZTsdp NpIegzY3OlooDq2Dp_Z-2i0MNDHnxZ-_2x0mMWSkaD2a9UB5qoRmYjxKvsW1e_M4CeQ-0vRK8PRVDl9lFkyZ7hZIEmo5MqXhYv-jJfcKOnJfV1oGXRCiqTIPexi6xzYENwNXqegEdBbkGAPjwHZPt Y4IWF7-vrWlNJfFf54utZXrpBmqUIjNfbcQ1EnD4bFPJcM196cZw_mdKE Qfr_4bx7xlNdSfCdNjYQnbvy8XJ3mvVjQWVCwwLT5wZKhZzV1c lU_iCE2yQ5wCQIWMoMYms3eLQZIK_ffs0IXN9EFpJsZZ_QgsUe ZuXEnE7zv-W6P6KgNhzjxJH=w1000-no-tmp.jpg
Poze YO9BLY (https://photos.app.goo.gl/uPLpYbqr66Q39u7Z7)
Poze YO9HZN (https://photos.app.goo.gl/PpSr5hY4uU8beJiU7)
Poze din balon (https://photos.app.goo.gl/X2mKCkpwz4Cs7Z4v9)
Poze de la recuperare (https://photos.app.goo.gl/ZiJLdFD8j8cvHJ9S9)
La aterizare, la reconectarea la GSM, am reusit sa obtinem pozitia finala. S-a incercat recuperarea tot in acea zi dar fara succes. Am reusit ziua urmatoare, nu inainte de a incerca sa ne pozam sub pomul unde picase balonul. Imi pare rau ca nu am avut un script care sa faca poze la intervale regulate pe tot timpul zborului.
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-Nurb6GUHxpGoIMAVtGwkJIWV9J2y322Rf9eLRaGCfqqc3cC0my VrxhW-m_jVktOhrqVA1N1YygRz1lmwsUb0L0MzxmmGps2Af0DK1tFcBt 3NuAFxVGzHAd3rqnuoHg38ZVzL2ZvgQB9jcGjvhv4Jj5FgDhI1 QORlaxNXIrBBRBmysleAfsdcoC9-id2b3B5IKVCdj2pj2F3WIuvdBO3gEsJnhEP_ofvsjQm2N6myAR 5hi809H-FqFUqwcTjnPMDAbIiEngE-cNOAvrep86B1w6k6ZRUn4MEHYH4MmvUTZRgLeRSgT8ti03SWQo xr_Qbcb0sEe0yKH5oZV5CXxb6oJfDiSmB_m5sIctIb1tW9gJ1Y yaPwk7kiu3G9Jf0lKbshAUR_IWF433lOs44FMM_t7Jy3PG-gAIiKNM73ABNOqAkZI8eDMAbGzLYqe6Cm9YptEhfaIR8UVEZgI TGshYu3lIqa-G-RTfX6FnsVijhHCS8sFJKEOvVic2iO-XdTqCsqpPeeUiRBA2WEkmk7ZR9W1i7zID0wRW8c2FbiMhtmMUE 1ZA_PqKiJyZ0XXM_P1sl84ACUdAL0graDvTT8HTSPs7lYX9Kxr E2ICDIRM-0r8zF24-rTQNkhK2uEjjTqgDeiDYFHMsJkH8r8-XtKQs5kNUoOnFHIo_Vp6CwfFMSkf7VqIT8bIkb4ogDse2O9DLe 5c-nY9sd1w3mED24rg3EssCC=w1000-no-tmp.jpg
In 2014 am inceput investigarea posibilitatii baloanelor gata facute, obosit fiind de la lipitul sacilor de gunoi. Asta insemna automat balon cu heliu.
Prin binevointa lui Chris Stubbs M6EDF si a lui Tom Brol SP9UOB am facut rost de doua trackere mai serioase, transmitand frame-uri de RTTY in banda de 70cm. Cel de la M6EDF nu a zburat niciodata, inca il am, dar nu mi s-a parut foarte eficient energetic. Baloanele cu heliu se ridica mult mai sus decat cele cu aer cald, iar acolo temperaturile ajung pana la -60C, asadar folosirea bateriilor Energizer Ultimate Lithium a fost obligatorie.
6. 26 iulie 2014 - Primul balon cu heliu, primul balon de folie de plastic si primul care sa contina un emitator special conceput pentru balon : cel de la SP9UOB. Recuperat.
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/cEIuf6OUPqZWr8pNxnBXyN-plz43DTYLJgeyyatJTnbDHHFSPxdFs4hsKUcc7q_g8d2hTd6ti tQx891vAs0VuYzdPBDMM8i8Jb_d9LTTnZyy2gRAbMiK3aj7aAn pw1LCGfuvJv0Mbny4QtuB8Bd8ozKe6HEzKUTMmd_Ma-vha9eg3gNPUTDigOaqTZatB_WDwlFCb1a3Xz7bGD4t-vR1tLLmprnhnm3t5yqOh2X1kbUat_KMFqjdqj3wHwo0mgktaZy ZrSNS2D9WkZkwakn5CCf1aVjZ1JM3GvR9iiYuF9jeNJI68pPrJ 6lxQNI8ZkTElKVSkDZHv3-veoWME19lv9H5hVn9GQEX3kKocn3l8LMKo-CNDjO7Uz2ImhnoB7EgoNh8WcttDFKI7sWv5sKDEz15NFWz4K3y MLvLIyZ_7XM_iUz-zXyAnUvepcKqPtLcsbS0Wwdsp2g3JR4qT8Ex3y8pkmCxXPBly3 8LN_n-ctaNexCBUfshOndpxdPrAPt0kwpNPL_ZZ-gBKiPWhcwyKBN0ktVAlHTdFORDQKtVLJDbK3Mrue83p6WkUCjR W8D1ek1T0Emn5eBqiSUltVCA_HSPYLv99agRn1bI0ALU5cIH7V 8MhNp82QNND73V149xECfKX8gS1hQ-RGLIaM_GYa5tteNFm8jun3t_wT2TfTwGg46zm7p0nhmXtJLeZP lCBiThKbAZ8BDB1hAXhvIiHyJ2=w1000-no-tmp.jpg
Poze lansare (https://photos.app.goo.gl/xbQw1SY9Wiumzx9M9)
Date de telemetrie (https://photos.app.goo.gl/TGunG8gwECobpzCo7)
Recuperare (https://photos.app.goo.gl/fYhLc9TP9qbjp6ot9)
Altitudine maxima 6251m.
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/Tt1eIU-UE_MJAYvVJFR7dK4YzBqhfDYLtCErJf8MlQbUEBAaS1OCxRF4N cvFQMyoArYc3AwcSMk1PDWPpT6G0RwBhYkJ6uIqm4vTSqTNHE2 CMIAs9O9Y1Mz5C3QMkDKCjJjJOAQPfapx0mwm223RDeVLz5o6c 1kJmyATNxHe3CfiHEkuOC0_mx6NjwoyOqUP7jh5R1qvQS5ZINp 4ei7i4f4Gq-qlHdEfxkpHC_UJfnYnAiuF5_Xe5PhwPg11W3Ix3-ZRdSFxOztnP_aJK4Y3CLSavGiizoP-N-suidzeinEVqzSlImb4onPq4bEYEt94_dBuags1z9PucVUqvEls dZP2t1V6KIDvhjwmZdep9bUNc1CZyEqO7xn11DI1IK9498v8-TJGWDsDxlsm-ja6-LtTV4cXQ23MDujcZSu35Ine01F8Yap38_dj7v9H7d3wWe5fkIj-29VULJaqULX8PvntPS8A_Vd1RraVSOGGAYfpnAsO6lGnC0qDSE FKDc3guNHB16o9ia4Mam3O6UmS-3C0PP4BbfsRab8W8jUXZszz-fD5ZOmuyRkLi1mYrZsHC9zo4dCWjnh9lAWCiJj0mPxdRnT5wxM NO7vEYBMbJANc8NpAz1xWhGRXbQVB382LeU_HEr3rH0WO5_sIN tkc19SPSJ3MIgzK-V26d0IbMfCjWlMsMe9CIreEqZlsDf8KEWgkJr8HCFh6Yg1yrJ1 a0WC4=w1000-no-tmp.jpg
Inspirat fiind de succesul balonului din iulie 2014, am decis ca este cazul sa imi fac singur trackerul. Daca mai vreti inca un motiv, va comunic costul : 35 RON balon + heliu.
Tracker SP9UOB (https://photos.app.goo.gl/nj84KvQvAT1Zo2jU8)
Zis si facut, dupa indelungi discutii si cercetari, am dat de Radim Mutina OM2AMR care mi-a pus la dispozitie sursele de la al sau STS-Project (http://stsproject.net/).
Cablajele au fost realizate in China si am reusit sa scot RTTY in 70cm dar din lipsa de timp si fonduri, nu am reusit sa cumpar niciun modul GPS ca sa finalizez proiectul.
Pana in 2019:)
La aproximativ 5 ani de la primul balon cu heliu, am decis ca este timpul pentru al doilea, dat fiind ca acum aveam proiectul complet. Greutate totala 14 grame cu tot cu baterie AAA. Candidat serios pentru un zbor de lunga durata, dar vom mai discuta despre acest aspect.
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/Ix4JStBw7a43zTICOYuLkXGrQmiNkRuXmWmsQdcCCi8fxUH2Jl 3Fe9DLHqbVeqAnO_zQQKEYHX27qX8Su95FbKPagWEoCJ9mDgC2 OzVyElqs2WunxiSW70DSM1dS-MtOXj9QIIkY-esFhB-wiA9yVH_OW4p7hbQwIeaGvl4eTKsc3lpNoZB7T2jAB1iNIGvE_ 8AeURjM7q9rddZVwWVmtI2cB2a9-oOzWMZttFupXd48iH8hmXl54LB-mtPhwsiBqvC3waj4dEb8tSreLjjyDmX2jshuzDkVsEHR5IpMfs Y6EpejUrFiVvsK34T3513jAVlme3qx89dxmz3sSqBAQ3fD62Ih CsRr6e4f95pRLLlNOI2w-SA0zjXU-eVUOAtjYrKWHgY3M1zpT9AxRQne573g_ztYLYZQnIBPpQWcTnL i1AWpZtCV_8LrIJcfzkcKSawKhJPH_uWlTg9dPnDx_ROD4vhFy FIjDHKLHVjW-Il12Vd-_eflKdnvuVK-idwGiXj2LK3mR87dGlwF693uguDmQo_oyXcP4XyRIoCazK6g7f LAjskgbVsdoqeZhx5dv0Dd6Y1Omm_hNuwooGE8HQInVeCL17bB bfMIGDRDVGhCLj3LBnFcEwlAWYMQWoLWJgXIfGDZ3l1kGWhZ8l CT_uhqLJbsrxY=w1000-no-tmp.jpg
Am investigat posibilitatea unui balon tot din folie, dar am decis sa incerc si din latex.
7. 2 martie 2019 - Primul balon de latex, primul care sa contina o camera de luat vederi si prima refolosire a unui tracker, cel de la SP9UOB. Lansat impreuna cu YO3GEJ si un coleg de job. Greutate incarcatura 65 grame. Rata ascensionala mult mai mica decat estimat. Altitudine maxima 9980m. Cazut la 25km de Dobrich, Bulgaria. S-a incercat recuperarea a doua zi. Nerecuperat.
Poze (https://photos.app.goo.gl/wELaK1F4MfeC9tyV8)
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/4AQqdBRCD6xj62lurz0mwFow1mZBVDhCZiPa-8jMI1FIqcbzJp5_VtBkejJzZL0r0aXGdIKvix1IR_5KgrGViic 7CoKSHiIsJOmJof1tNstbB1JNqDhlFLBGeua1kOJUyp71949ML KNi8cxXRuc0AI7bjaUVPs-Og9c0JwU8pKXVCjnfhPZ19PiKOuy76Xyj9MCk6CLejCaaa6ssW Sy6rAd3HPpK5J78Q1LvefDm9DKPfhXVOlH9UZfkvo2kY2sgV5V ppqtMuqg9AJsKEtJafr51CEsBAdPu1xpm8iL_NNPItmtV_s4Ig dkmDGYfduB3O4rIKeJnO2nKX8ED16wCqjuvkDRjASGQl5FOM43 XPLuBmJq3TiIdLCDRYE_ToCXeGhVsYC5TF5UXiUhUkZoUKO9Pe-7XhpudfJ2Fyq82bA3PTLDslcugo3rF0V4UbWH7ZPfPIY1SfgAE 8QB0hARUylai9lVdsYkQ2EloyhLC7EiqzMyttvEZidvc2fTuY9 Em0wW9XCqbyKKk2prcP3RUAj2FnX9O311mwX4_BeTzo4nPQKnm 9EEQkbeX2f6bnzvoK-FoLmSNlDOS8vCI-ddQJ4I8ODLwdIm36MOSaiVynU8TARA7HB3KjtX9kRlcNEzn4FJ p8wQHEqFc3NggRFmE5hJLpj3PQ05SHaJLYYzgWmeT719EFzvBp _It8Iw-VF2cshtkKVq_q24CRgBt4Eqph611=w1000-no-tmp.jpg
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/TLTU2vFrz28VCl61BrtWRYIPLPbxkl0zGXK7OoYiA7gpSwJpWA LB-MQ9fbJ66Lc4GMCxsh61E3rOia2XjzNX9iH5PSklmGSzM5sEJOI gkQFnJuutO7uCDbulbMwQeYLHWnh8n3JW1A4sAU7BXHXA8VYwt y5Y0Wex64d9hUMSM5zWhx6tOHvv81MfjcCIAEgH96x8YI1T20s fsBq8lJc7vi1VaYe7okaZPdCky_k9hEeG-o2tbN1UONtUzluL2EAb2EV5towVYsEKArtVLZb6MEwjtnQ69zO qeHhKX0qEyYjZFcXhvKQpQg-7MRTzOw7Ve24vIVYxHOzMq2_tNZYPJthc_O6r2CvNoEa3rpQQY YEbZT_FZaB1dYLt_RbgfP90RyQc88EDS1QmTHnU7Dg9BK3NgDg 5rMCCWl6cPPA_TZnAP-_4DY31PDJ7EPEjXPezQ6F0-Dv92Cy9ibOW9D-qUMGw_7cBaTZB6VVHC-L__cQ6gZtplFW5GOzskD8AeICti8dQvw-buMgqXzStCMn1FJf98MJbWScwnxWU20P1F6hs2Q5bmFIMq9UM8 l2xjTE1DBgd-L3hqKYaqOJhRkHjJ75owZzEG399ai5ygW-l2qnW8E9sf3OXs5JGvPcq0fsatas9OF7qV8us8kqkWq30BrJYG gCt_Ql3sWoUgRA51hDBESzdQTiQikLA4jkXONtSHg8RCbvVrrl KzOBG0dNefoiZ=w1000-no-tmp.jpg
8. 9 martie 2019 - Lansare decisa "din scurt". Zbor de test pentru trackerul meu. Acelasi balon, latex de 30 grame. Greutate incarcatura 18 grame. Rata ascensionala mult mai mica decat estimat. Altitudine maxima 12848m. Cazut langa Izmail, Ucraina. Trackerul meu s-a comportat ireprosabil. Nerecuperat.
Poze (https://photos.app.goo.gl/RuzCJiVz8GdevMCX7)
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/c7grAbrvHEec7TsuCvjGe8HhY1KmD4c2os9cAC02bmO5ggTJde oaGbYkMKg8iqPEt2V_IwD3jnWXwjYfKuF6_J192jdn1rQEQ_LV ltNdqM_cMFC7IC7cGtmS1w_crExjPaYaHLFVGFXvtkrtsCAyRk B1A9HnB_kwXNMJD5M5I6B83NUSqQaQImjYwg4BdL2m2pSCHnZo uKOfLq3iJVjwDnScf70pzxv099wCXSbxFzMBIo50HrEl8vs9FQ XLjdNDD-ZZCC3ekV_Gn26WiZdabIpGoKxc6CaTAAHCVCB91XS32bfUTvcD j2pe94BF2nA86uPB2jFsjT_ZxybTKk0M2Z1-k1YFq1g6_OUmQ99D8l0evfSq37EvNWHuFTjk-WkUd6INARxibPqRCdRyxZU-cDYv-ytPPtDRarzBCZzUCJ2XEwhLk8oRpOwozaKiRtNDi7YcqtuYVcW rLWk4TTNzSfBq1rWsxvT_1P3FlSXfjhSWFAUi33bYLZH0p-1WRzhX9oimTb2c66ynUapGmyZVPih2Hw2c7ygak6v8r4ctB1eh jLPond474ry6YHgPiTyzl_WbxO8lnCT8LPeRQFbD-PXySaHeB3FAlyRbDGdDWekdLw588SXhCXCgo1EJCrCvLuTQ1mJ PN6fRqasCloeLtRKOQD7ziq9tuplh45A2EHk8s1DFPIaPYc7al uSQktJadB5o3iiH0nOXkwplhj8Kpd4P=w1000-no-tmp.jpg
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/RsjRPucYAZulqMwJEmDnxK8Pb4naoBybg_hY0EOXlbhXjp_HGK CM2MvzsdSFvJ5uUNtNijd1amXtCD0j9nOuppZS_SLXM2JC1i_t Fnxikpc-4VCdJgzjnSiEdjkJKOkRIVBk3KO_AZP-IMYIyEJ-MjLcZCLhEqKOeAfF72JqNKzGjYOa78cjjcde_56Dkkq4JOdzff Ot_3BEEbO436z91CmtKCCG1uBDlcVbEJtK6VWanE1J9xGjRFGC-DhRX0jp2KCYuapdgj7VPW-fDGutG_2Dm3lycrxTpTkqoZXEl2cDGCD3BvPQJKBA0D26M7zKe 0pb8wVtf2wQKWSwvcFZEk_oPVNvUff2_ReYUju1kcM-tH6BglmX-8O2tFCHsbXdw_sgQbvqok9v1UHBIH2Pr20L2FFBsCQrjs9Xypp SOfN7eKSGqBZFVYZ-yycgEiXadIcAUbofLkiTH5nfSo5-Bk5Yxwk7FuNnpBZbyaEBI9ihD_wpk_CA81pNyo6So1_1_BmOsb zP4FOFkmlg9U7u7YFSxcI3SAeNhUBY6zRms9o9j-r7VTtkISGtOAT-A8pKpDVlKNItu8y_4iTDtoZHvhlCm-s_yMPtvy9TYJfYlrLxgHU8oEkfgJNTmDhyD4e4nJzxV2MErIqL 1OoBefgTD-789tU4dTORYkvRpan_zVlUZatT-7NaCPymWbaZ5PRCrP7rYoKBVzZU8qppgdf1GfM7=w1000-no-tmp.jpg
Grea alegere. Cu siguranta, ceva poze de la peste 20km altitudine ar fi extrem de interesante. Dar si mai interesant ar fi urmatorul proiect.
Vin cu o provocare. Primul zbor YO care sa circumnavigheze globul. Suna pompos, dar este realizabil. Daca tot pica din aer cu module GPS, macar sa pice in Pacific sau Atlantic. Nu la bulgari. :cool:
Provocarea este realizabila cu baloane de folie de 90cm, partial umflate. Problema este reteaua de receptori de la sol. RTTY in 70cm sigur nu va avea prea tare succes. Avem doua optiuni : 2m APRS sau HF WSPR/JT9/JT65.
Am decis sa merg pe a doua varianta, inspirat fiind de succesul altor radioamatori : SA6BSS, VE3KCL, ZL1RS. Evident, alimentare solara.
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/6hCwXmf016kC7-ZBl3yTVWtrrBkPq2ZgrnJpBX4MfXg9CrwJSp96No_clMRvNcoO dO9ejykmgkHO7jLvXRUqNJUWuVlk7KExBIZQCMd4zt7tVo9-m4BtalAuZvQLYzak7P1HPhyuqphVUvNYIPt43aIg92S8IhkEWK sOsJlN8wLPKNSXE0OwDl0Z5GBLbk14CMm3h14GsowS7z_Q7r5m s-Sg_KNn-3pd-OsB9VrjBB67VrcyggwCH6mYzV2Gyxjhmzc-3aXhmq4fG98pJREU722oaCvIPF5nkTxL9SCB2oKNpdpSmzADlE PTisTexJHYfytMqiyO7fMeCu303Wwu53H-Iv6ZnPiNdG0WQjwIJa78Gw_u-9eRxc1vPJ6dxmZwk21jvOfhZPBaUAjMbvlOGbWozklTGtObKDh NHMaryhbkfzsLqyEU0RW529aC_KuBwn8vYOg5oTYYxeO3DFC2u OtfRjZy_T3RrK2qa6VE70AI65UtIWTFQp0Ix4OxfwKMFR4I4Pc nRt5G1bLYYBCIp03vn0BUM6t1hG5B8E-N0GgiCCq3gZkebzilhdvHGOCUsYTgYlyLkUSMHKUs2ekCJ305J gwBlplPtzZyjor9uiRCAp-U-10OVZK80nnGQeXhhg89JGRkxp1wpqGR4Y1IUBLFM34g1Gs=w10 00-no-tmp.jpg
Haideti sa ne oprim pentru o clipa din colectionarea de diplome. Va astept sa raspundeti provocarii mele.
Salut Edy
De cind numai cred in 'my name is si my qth is' si in 'ai de la mine cinci puncte' am abordat legaturile radio in unde ultrascurte privind totul ca pe o provocare. Au mai fost si alte provocari, traficul pe satelit, receptiile de la satelitii meteo, avioane, ISS, balize, etc, dar, baloanele mi-au scapat. Citind totul cu atentie mi s-a parut un subiect interesant si in egala masura provocator. Este interesant prin faptul ca ceva construit de tine zboara, 'near space' cum se zicea mai sus si apoi provocarile: greutatea, solutiile tehnice, recuperarea, inaltimea sau cit de departe a ajuns. Sincer, chiar mi se pare interesant si pentru ca am tot timpul liber din lume, provocator.
Voi urmarii cu atentie subiectul, voi incerca sa aflu cit mai multe si poate intr-o zi, indicativul meu radio va zbura inainte sa se propage, hi!
Continua relatarile, incet-incet subiectul este posibil sa prinda contur, iar cei interesati sa ti se alature.
Felicitari pentru cele descrise aici, subiectul deschis de tine mi se pare cel mai bun!
Salutari!
Costi YO7FWS
Felicitari pentru experimente. Si eu urmaresc cu interes subiectul. Sper ca la urmatoarea lansare sa pot sa va ajut mai mult.
Acum cativa ani am participat si eu la doua lansari putin mai complexe:
https://yo3ihg.blogspot.com/2011/11/stratospherium-2011-35295-metri.html
https://yo3ihg.blogspot.com/2012/10/stratospherium-ii.html
In perioada aprilie-mai 2019 demaram proiectul zborului de lunga durata, acesta fiind trackerul care avea sa faca istorie.
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/uBHvhbxYJxsSUYXgSBdEYSGd6BraEaZUFurooXSEawwmOgo6tu ZJqSj9A43e_LKJIYuD4gGeylNb-60MQ9mmyqbkojxxeL2hlStzdk7tTz12g_96TQGoMIVmYCpmkw2 rLRkICHYib2D3ym_gZVnJqdsB6JoQCG9elG5wqyOkgaL4ffsqS EicAFwU9mEDbSZ_Pjz3rovDVoePNPBDIgg-P19XSTCQQ_Fy0VbPTflOnDvUe6_OtiX9wiO1p9fNVWk_bFCZr6 jBYPLYmgmWDtHZS61REpvKg4zUrwWWNrgnu7yy5SxQB8DfZHVi Ohr9qJ7f0vS5NoFwqaARIkRC0mzAshyj7Iy2memPAgSeGFuaG5 cWSxDt3282W0prjjgSxr_Pom-ZjE14kmrx_bgKGe6NHnY4shNZbYVaQJse6UnwXMDevtYMdqtpt GyCIfNxEutSD-J_7HNt7p-wzdtw-ZoevVyMiIul6xSuPcv_n-Gd4O-lCxeuACSwIL-S1xxZ3_lrtOInnhXCHHcOt5aScVkRReTa91p9kVaS-6fglWE9L38LacvNCeCzbqXWMGDxsopb1ooWYBg46v0oj9nTvpt NWJiM0FYDi2EQe20INHVsGTzLAUfAGu4e-IpgrHgH4OmjaVG3Cmqv2IubF3d0Ng4p9OkmwdU6VgcUBP5wWjp FCqI-wyIsk2TSbbkAcWRGOw=w400-no-tmp.jpg
9. 16 iunie 2019, 08:50 AM ora locala - ICT1 decola de la sol, fiind prima incercare romaneasca de circumnavigare a globului, zburand sub un balon chinezesc de 36 inch, incarcatura avand 4.96 grame. Aventura a luat sfarsit dupa ce a parcurs peste 17000km in 9 zile. Ultima pozitie : nordul Oceanului Pacific.
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/pw/ACtC-3eDOe0HIo9k27JYtNl6glv592g2RV4tmtomOn5Y7csDNfruvnp QJQ88krZVH9rGzjMQ20lP_feQqEN28gafEXh-VZN0ECgd5ISGCu3J9hujitVJMGL7o3LRSVoelYMcU6xbNfBogF KFUxuUBljZnxe0=w400-no-tmp.jpg
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/THiFg0-zkvFf8zYruBROMIO0e0AIynjbwqJO7kDpDpBCJNOA7xfnBJUDJ XdRYpnaTGWnfmbleIG9H6L4UrZTTQwmO_057-Tq0jIMfMEUgr-_Mbjk1nmoAVLiKqVSYbgxY7F3O0PzCXtBcYGcJj3IMzs3wE9TY dX2GEPsBZQYxfZWkUCse17gz_Rf4DPL9ZF4Qx438bs-1uZvBK6Qvr8kGb0B0a8_gu8PboiNQyZvNg7o0nhUFYYhnRoqbF lYZBRR6eVmlu2XPw9gqqO1BrKQyskhXarmK-_amzp5Kaw78TWzRrSAc83JzaeplUCb1HzcOce9khIN6XD3o609 uaZjaHGFVWfnCQ2AOxINM8yQwyUCLQL55NRMTlqcUwH7mjMSZQ UwdhL5SBSYHjegd58YEMeJIPiVXXeIO_08L-hpe1-zIIIm-40EeOgKsTdnTw8qkyxS4KA-4tMeW-iL84x_jppA8DiLn7VIVzC8TsHdvWIIJvCAB9OqOOHah5VsFLcx 8pTWR5627fy8zb8FUYrWZ5tN5BED7ZhG6WU4AFWz-bZkSjS5qRbmGpQl3rvtOpejmpGIYxsys54w8BqTD_XV-VuNYtuymbA1OBDexG4OCZxt1nFODX0roxBhR6hPTUA5konGl6v 0rmWlvfv-gSoDmH-edKmDd0NgoUOIaz1r3Z3i02J_M0PnbCaLwzheeg=w1000-no-tmp.jpg
10. 7 iulie 2019, 09:01 AM ora locala - ICT2 decola de la sol, a doua incercare romaneasca de circumnavigare a globului, zburand sub un tandem format din doua baloane chinezesti de 36 inch, incarcatura avand 4.86 grame. Ultimul contact cu ICT2 a fost pe 12 iulie 2019, langa granita mongolo-chineza, dupa ce a zburat 6 zile, acoperind o distanta de peste 6000 km.
Portanta libera a fost de trei ori mai mare decat la ICT1, dezvoltand o rezistenta mai mare impotriva depunerilor de gheata, incercand sa se redreseze de mai multe ori (7700 - 8880 - 6840 - 9320 - 8420), dar insuficient sa compenseze altitudinea mai joasa decat era planificat.
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/5bxlJaSfgf7Tk9S4deb6QT1Ty8VgnfZzwTGyMMjj5SF9bAU8Rt PvfTBXnJsY7StfTiVwaM_POZOjDFS3Ol4Rdu52UFfKDw57ahhR C0JZckZHzVgqv9-WjNsDm_DL7TjAy-b6ZHOxfRyKBGBI3gZZs29-KSWXcUZNLlXfHs6j8y0FN4LljgBx7WmzZa7tnQpJibfOe66eov UTm77U_mD56BhItYN_htFaoOKaumqGZpb98AxZliJBg34G8Vlp m5wILGMmuK80nt2aFQx9WCfB5cTdu0t6ZIfHQ_VpAsqD_6fnZd 0iKyzP4CNTwl8RVEdmsjkLoox1Uwsphoh9CO2UGIORPGEFNhfZ mIzsMKhmgm0EMK48oM5-8QlKF87fr-v3DivGyD_MN2FNkAPANoztPunGxrVR9shK9cBgpr7B1wpOLhKM sPA9D8hW8nEXVu02oxob8_7SEoRKwneB8vVzESsRdsFowTME8f vyLWBXTvnd2eSqN-C6ZJ4V20sRx5DLP7rZeAo4n-KI5dU8I1ZkSzQucbjDCOA-82hU4FaBggbFCxCuU5Og12ceueILGzZ8o0aFfy1kEFVn2wNDAk GRQ3dE8GkBUcKim09QhnGVLv8RWP58C7O3tTRej5aF8a-zNIAUZ6ano4tNQaYCtaCIxRt4SFJZdrEQFcGJZpXuO31Tb69Rf 0ZU5f_lQkJ91Q=w400-no-tmp.jpg
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/KHZNhz7c154IIz7DWXXMboBJFm8Syu9aHtFoemDEDWn9zrDFzq Spjjx12pAptCiA3yG2yInlMa1uWm1-csA7j7i0JL-tUBrIAipLKcoIHRwP1YnApxerVb_5E7RCI7pOVdamQHR9nIRfS qgX5IEZeBZMANywRrFYqEHfcXtp3qlWBiU97YatQ1IPnjWQg1p SLz4fOYVpNWvilnvjz5ENZWjZUKPXk4WnUls6E22a2ZGenUxD_ o3bKQhuDf3FnUAtay5XUCze_a18RHRjNTTBHKUYt07hIeIwkMW KXtQFJw0DQX60WM8rDoG5negNj7iS-mSA8dDiflJd5wZ_V8vnavG8pSkOaR4Non5YPYp206hzHnXMpEP _ILJOLhr8lk49eM15swqpkTu4go2ofUz7GGJJ014H0_EjaiK8n uhhgURFIxr-4NlNQwWsjlXzjGeXW71kzC9zeANGicJGAMqbCZIHncC2cxe0fP ipkiFAMPGKNhlwebIXAsPxwjHfUoleE0av465dG2WY9UqDAf4S OsFpDXu62rylAUmeb_E71NGdkprFvZAQJxBThFi3VTdET0t140 4J3h2-a6m4B5o_iF8kdAu7aa__VPpxGgzsvwpBNgYs12DAaqcNpFDc0H QFGH6-dLv5qWENKccLwWm0AfjWFg72sHDTyfAPe6SOcUWAciiwke47ur 2tZjbccw=w1000-no-tmp.jpg
11. 25 iulie 2019, 10:54 AM ora locala - ICT3 decola de la sol, zburand sub un balon chinezesc de 36 inch folosind hidrogen, incarcatura avand 4.85 grame. Zborul a fost fabulos, efectuand cu succes 7 circumnavigari complete intinse pe o perioada de 116 zile. Aventura a luat sfarsit langa Hawaii.
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/yKgeX0WXTb6bb7jn9nVJ-56o21XcUMZ6dvxIrt_xhWJ2Gony1RthtWOFSKFHAnljj9xHpQc guvTSWr5Q8QNtLgTD66bg_6_gyitXKwuma5nmUfrrD65aNBEJq nnzyDWvqFo3UDtmJd5Py8UPC9RWfssm1UQf-TEoJkc7o3MXl9bjvswfTB2kP3UGY2oGx_KrQaZVM-NU7Ckie1fqkOEMWf6gmXHmsTSN9XMUXWTJjm4XXPA1BD771Cl9 QBQkI1AESQkEEjryYGI3DkDgQ4TgaX9OFvmrhOVB2ANQ1St48X _BxXXMUKQirIpszs1US5nWtyaFy4KIO6-iwAUf0wvwWFo1aPoBJT4-7v_TwPrI8U50pC9uu0eyJk6m8GO0GS5LZqW3tvX7oBvcbkYdi_ TirbqZOWOJ5dXOZlE5L5d7Pd9lts-Nteyv45YrmjSR-V17kjNT2FFN0f0eX9fr3PaekwhUgbciydILswwC6qPPvi1S4OW 9EVldv1kauhYBIBTaWlCbVcsH6pWHaBstyYI0Zz76LoFWIh882 HxdCwsnhBpOmdxYybzodnDaY3_afKnof_iMpzxhn9lQdpVmCGL EfG7knspME8f5sfsB3YG0XGhb03k4OOauIC9Gxugw0DBSlGpme RglFWP0tm8jRq6ikikoViHyQO8C5nQO1oS-9wkCC7SGvV3TctAHOTu_sw=w400-no-tmp.jpg
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/L_qeHVVpiZXxsg2Ihar-Drq60u8At_12FDRCfYjogADGY_ccAiq1UnbTrUAQcM-glYPas5XgK6avcHT4ubgtiYZK8_WwZSlV8My34PH27eUyLLgow FgSL3U5If40ZPhe7XC3Aa4pLH-bWQIDoCKbvueT62kJsVJ1VW-2vfFaSA3QZWZTl_MkdSpYEXRP57Gmd_G4cuBPHmJEQKcEdTgHr KCQGPq7DctRE7PGHUgHMy5sWtyXVOwm6LZoOjisa6Bv9o_W_hy PkJK_HCpARDbod24A0KbqWRZQlUJzpWlifyYvVIWxqLEybS30D A_H5tSDwnfdAnzC1p5M-OJpKSKgnuGWQ0oBlH77vj-OIPpXTcBodInYHqoVbbB8n6ouHl0oAa2FG7-oUDlsBMwcIw5UpHunTLbnYPCwXeCAEeKV49AqjRx_swWUiAey3 aPuqAE0uMqcrWOJiBIdYAmwOGt_NDaUpUgTvzZLwfs5CUZT6Dy 3_1BtBrzD9nZp6P4_lM-DPMcwhfrg4pKxeolaL5Iw_k2sC9i8xIjuz2udydPyGqU6xALtt q-_nlz6e_EnLz0IbBhMot00U7c6D2MKc1U3pwoh_Pfx2ILmsjKjH 7X_1tAMSTTct0EWiKo45QxjA5L3GDrmc6iS5mHWYQ_xpG6KDx1 n6mYdRzpowCBIoFvvxm8oacaL5D15MOP58NOlIg=w1000-no-tmp.jpg
Interestul YO pentru acest zbor a fost destul de subtire dar au fost statii care au stat la receptie atunci cand ICT3 se afla in zona Europei. ICT3 a fost primul balon romanesc care a circumnavigat cu succes. Daca vorbim despre circumnavigare la modul general, a fost al 3-lea "obiect" romanesc care a realizat acest lucru, dupa Dumitru Prunariu si satelitul Goliat.
Dupa aventura incredibila a lui ICT3, am decis ca pentru o vreme sa efectuez din nou zboruri locale, investigand multiple posibilitati de a decupla nacela de balon in cazul in care zborul se abate de la traiectorie iar recuperarea ar deveni imposibila.
12. 19 octombrie 2019 - O radiosonda Vaisala RS41 reprogramata sa transmita RTTY si sa comande o camera de luat vederi ESP-32 Cam. S-a incercat decuplarea nacelei de balon la altitudinea de 20000m dar sistemul experimental cu fir de nichelina a esuat. A continuat sa urce pana peste 23000m, fiind recuperat cu succes.
Calitatea camerei s-a dovedit a fi mediocra.
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Cu un gust amar dupa experimentul esuat cu nichelina si cu camera de proasta calitate, am decis sa abordez un cu totul alt sistem.
Am decis sa merg pe platforma PITS - Pi In The Sky, dezvoltata de colegii din UK, care este centrata in jurul unui computer Raspberry Pi, putand transmite in direct pozele cu ajutorul unor module LoRa ieftine (protocol dedicat PITS, a nu se confunda cu LoRaWAN).
Acum, avand la dispozitie un intreg calculator sub forma unui Raspberry Pi Zero, tactat la 1GHz si dispunand de 512MB RAM, posibilitatile sunt aproape nelimitate.
13. 16 noiembrie 2019 - Primul zbor din seria YO3ICT-PITS decoleaza de la sol, fiind incapsulat intr-o carcasa de radiosonda RS41. In ciuda unor probleme de receptie radio, zborul a fost un succes, iar nacela a fost recuperata cu ajutorul mecanismului de decupare cu servomotor care a declansat la altitudinea de 18886m pentru a obtine un loc de aterizare rezonabil. A fost primul zbor al unui balon romanesc care a trimis in direct imagini digitale de la bord.
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Am pregatit gateway-ul LoRa.
http://www.daveakerman.com/?p=1719
549
550
Despre radiosondele meteo (https://yo3ihg.blogspot.com/2020/06/radiosonde-meteo.html)
Pentru ca nu am gasit nicaeri comentarii, vreau sa atrag atentia asupra unui articol foarte bine documentat si in acelasi timp, scurt si la obiect. Felicitari Vlad, imi place ceea tot ce am citit in acest articol. Curind trec si la postari mai vechi.
Succes in ceea ce faci si continua sa descrii rezultatul experientelor tale !
73
Costi YO7FWS
Multumesc Costi! Tot de la YO3ICT a pornit pasiunea asta cu radiosondele meteo.
Am pregatit gateway-ul LoRa.
Eu am pregatit receptorul LoRa. Astept lansarea. :D
yo8rhm
Mugurel
Am facut ultimele teste de receptie cu gateway-ul LoRa.
551
O scurta poveste puteti gasi aici: https://yo3ihg.blogspot.com/2020/06/balon-yo3ict-14-iunie-2020.html
Salut Vlad,
Merci mult pentru info. Am citit articolul azi noapte. Articolul este interesant si descrie in mod placut activitatile desfasurate. Chiar m-a impresionat viteza de coborire a nacelei dupa decuplare. Si mi-a placut foarte mult formularea "programul spatial al saracului", HI! Daca imi amintesc, ceva asemanator mi-a placut si la Edy, " flight near space", nu-mi mai aduc exact aminte formularea.
Pacat ca nu sint foto de la inaltimea maxima. Ar fi fost interesant sa vedem contrastul dintre cerul pe care il stim si cel care este cu adevarat in realitate. Probabil, este doar o chestiune de timp pina cind o sa avem si astfel de imagini.
Cu exceptia imaginilor, misiunea, sa ii zic asa, a avut un succes.
Am doua intrebari:
Pentru care motiv ati ales altitudinea de 35000 m pentru decuplarea nacelei, daca ea inca se afla in sectorul de recuperare?
Daca nu s-ar face decuplarea, teoretic, pina la ce altitudine ar fi putut sa se ridice balonul?
Succes la viitoarele lansari si astept cu interes articolele tale!
Costi
"Programul spatial al saracului" l-am preluat de la Edi, care la randul lui cred ca l-a luat de la Dave Akerman (Your own little (near) space programme. NASA on a budget!)
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